Aleppo Pepper – Pul Biber Chili Flakes from Turkey
- Aromatic chili flakes with fruity tomato-like flavor and mild heat
- Known as Pul Biber – soft texture with subtle smoky and sweet notes
What Is Aleppo Pepper?
Aleppo Pepper, also known as Pul Biber, is a traditional chili preparation from the border region between Turkey and Syria. Botanically, it belongs to the Capsicum annuum species – the same family as bell peppers and many other chili types. Despite the name, Aleppo Pepper is not related to black pepper (Piper nigrum).
Origin and History
The chili plant originally came from Central and South America and was introduced to Europe in the 15th century. Over time, cultivation spread to the Aleppo region, where ideal climate conditions supported its growth. Today, due to regional instability, most production takes place in southeastern Turkey.
Traditional Cultivation and Processing
The chilies are harvested when fully ripe and bright red to deep burgundy in color. After harvesting, seeds are removed, and the chili flesh is partially dried. It is then mixed with salt and vegetable oil to enhance flavor, texture, and shelf life. This processing method is centuries old and helps preserve the chili’s essential oils and aromatic properties.
Flavor Profile and Culinary Use
Aleppo Pepper offers a mild heat and a fruity, slightly smoky taste. Its flavor is reminiscent of sun-dried tomatoes, enhanced by subtle notes of cumin and chili. Thanks to its pleasant aroma and balanced spiciness, it pairs well with numerous dishes without overpowering other flavors.
Typical applications include dishes such as Acuka, Muhammara, Ful Medames, and grilled meat skewers like lamb kofta. It’s also ideal as a finishing spice for stews, vegetable dishes, or egg recipes. Pul Biber is often used instead of salt and pepper in everyday cooking across Turkey, Lebanon, and other Middle Eastern countries.
Ingredients and Processing Notes
This chili product is processed with salt and sunflower oil as essential components:
- Ingredients: Chili, sunflower oil 8%, salt 4%
The added oil maintains softness and aroma. Salt prevents clumping and extends shelf life. This processing method gives Aleppo Pepper its distinctive texture and color.
Storage Tips
After opening, transfer the chili flakes to an airtight container made of glass or metal. Store in a cool, dry, and dark place to preserve their aroma and consistency for several months.
Useful Information
Due to the ongoing conflict in Syria, the production of Aleppo Pepper has largely shifted to Turkey. Despite the change in origin, the spice continues to carry the name of its historical birthplace. It remains a staple in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisine and is increasingly popular in international cooking.
